OT 12-7-09 Deut

OT Deuteronomy
Dr. Derouchie
12-7-2009

Israel on Mission to the Nations
Israel’s missions reiterated (Ex. 19: 4-6)
The basis for Israel’s mission 19:4
The means for Israel’s mission 19:5
The context for Israel’s mission 19:5
the nature of Israel’s mission 19:6
Kingdom of priests (Ex. 24: 3-8) and a holy nation (see 1 Pet 2:9 and rev 1:6; 5:10)
Israel’s Mission in the World
Exodus 20: looking at the 10 Commandments
The means of Sanctification
God is the ultimate cause of our sanctification
Lev. 22:31-33 ““So you shall keep my commandments and do them: I am the LORD. And you shall not profane my holy name, that I may be sanctified among the people of Israel. I am the LORD who sanctifies you, who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God: I am the LORD.””
(Leviticus 22:31–33 ESV)
Rom 6:17-18 “But thanks be to God, that you who were once slaves of sin have become obedient from the heart to the standard of teaching to which you were committed, and, having been set free from sin, have become slaves of righteousness.”
(Romans 6:17–18 ESV)
Looking at the ways that the 10 commandments are numbered.
who were they focused to and why?
Adult men
covet your neighbor’s wife.
right before, Moses commands people to not go near a woman.
honor your father and your mother:: isn’t gender specific.
Male-heads of households: all the people are there hearing these 10 words
Sabbath::: has male, servants... and such, points to head of household?
what is it calling of these men?
to lead a community for God?
High standard
Affects a lot of people
Well-fare of others
Characteristics of 10 Words
Deliberately grouped with respect ot loving God and loving neighbor.
Reflects the patricentric nature of Israelite society (not “father focused” but “father emanating”) NOt addressed to priests or rulers but to everyman, specifically adult males who are heads of hte households with wives, children, household servants, and property (gen 1-2; prov)
you have all the rights, not me.
I act in my world with accordance with serving for the benefit of your neighbor.
Father in center, then household, then society...
Text filled with leadership as serving!!!
Emphasizes that biblical leadership is all about serving, honoring and looking out for others; confronts (present or potential) pride, self-exalting power, and abuses toward God, wives, other household members, and property. In Deut., a leader
Loves those in need, fighting for justice... 10:18-19
Includes every household member and visitor 14:26; 16:11, 14
ensure the levite, sojourner, fatherless, and widows are beneficiaries of the tithe 14:27-29; 26:12-13
must be mindful to leave the leftovers of harvest for those in need 24:19-22
is cursed if he “perverts the justice due to the sojourner, the fatherless, and the widow” 27:19
are these only for men? no b/c they are repeated for others as well.
Focus on what others deserve from us, not on what we deserve from tehm (a Bill of Other People’s Rights)
Divine rights (Love God)
YHWH’s right to the israelites’ exclusive allegiance
YHWH’s right to proper representation
YHWH’s right to be viewed as the sustainer adn controller of all (ex. 20:8-11)
Human Rights (Love Neighbor)
an israelite household member’s right to humane treatment from the head
An israelite parent’s rights of respect
an israelite neighbor’s right to life
an israelite neighbor’s right to sexual purity
an israelite neighbor’s right ot enjoy his property
an israelite neighbor’s right to hones and truthful testimony in court
right to his own wife
right to his own household
at the very least gets our eyes off of ourselves and onto others. Loving God is different than loving our neighbor. He showed how love of neighbor is grounded in mercy, and we don’t show mercy to God in any way.
The Supreme Command (Deut 6:4-9)
Deut 6:4-5 “hear o Israel, Yahweh our God, Yahweh is one! and you shall love Yahweh your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strenght” Matt 22: 37
Israel, a Sinful, Idolatrous, Hard-Hearted People
Israel’s stubborn Nature:
they were hard
what God did to Pharaoh
Israel’s make-up “stiff necked and stubborn”
Why God will not but must go with Israel
God’s Charge
Israel’s dilemma and future hope
why israel got kicked out of their land, 2 kings 17, emptiness became emptiness
Israel’s faith and faithlessness
Israel’s faith at the Exodus (ex 14:31; ps 106; abe in gen 15:6, rom. 4:3, 22; james 2:23)
had a faith that didn’t endure
not one that was heart transforming
only sees the signs
john uses this language right out of exodus
Israel’s lack of faith in the wilderness Num 14:11
Israel’s lack of faith in the land, following the pattern of their fahters 2 Kings 17:14
NT reflection on Israel’s failuresRom 9:32; heb 4:2; Jude 5
Heb 4:2 “For good news came to us just as to them, but the message they heard did not benefit them, because they were not united by faith with those who listened.” (Hebrews 4:2 ESV)
wilderness generation is “them” few who listened, but majority heard but didn’t hear.
Paul says, did not pursue it by faith.
Israel’s rebelliosness
Sustained rebellion form the time they left Egypt to the banks of the jOrdan river
Initial refusal to enter into the conquest of the land
sustained disobedience by attempt to fight without God’s help
Rebellion even on the day of Moses
Israel’s memory problem
The call to remember YAHWEH
Fearing and serving him and making promises in his name
recalling his redemption and revelations and provision
staying humble
remaining faithful through obedience to Yahweh above all other allegiances
To forget is to follow the wicked patter of hte nations taht Israel was dispossessing and to receive the same fate
Numbers in Numbers
HANDOUTS!!! CENSUS LISTS FROM NUMBERS
alef;;; meaning thousand can also mean company or group
observations of the numbers
how do these census lists become sermons
simeon is going to dwindle: see that here, simeon is sooo small, and all of a sudden it leaves Israel’s history
parallel with simeon and levi, slaughtered
Judah’s huge and just gets huger
Ephraim gets smaller: striking
almost a full replacement of the generation: sooo close: key word “almost” through blessing God promised, “be fruitful and multiply” Ex. chapter 1:7, all over the place, testament of God’s promise and providence. Now we see Israel on the other side of sin, they have not totally expanded, the number is lower. That tell Dr. D that Israel has been under a curse. This is not good for a nation who’s purpose is to fill the earth.
What does this tell the audience of young men of 20yrs of age, you watched your family waste away, all of them. The area of wilderness wandering wasn’t that big. wandering, waiting and following at that time. Moving around and following God. need to learn to wait and follow. Israel had 38yrs to do so. 38yrs for all those people to die off.
Significance
the numbers point to Israel being a walking mortuary
15,088 funerals of men/year
1,257 funerals of men/month
41+ funerals of men per day
Now double that for women.
Burying people all over the place, and they are just wandering and moving to the next spot. This is happening b/c of disobedience, they disobeyed and failed to believe.
The census lists are included to show that israel ended up with less than how many they started with.
So then what was God’s plan in all of this?
God’s plan:
In God’s purposes, climaxing in Jesus, he did not enable the majority of Israel to obey Deut 29:4
Israel’s doom was sure Deut 30:1; 31:16, 20 Dan 9:4-15
“when” not “they might” the judgments are sure and will come upon the people
The people will turn, despise God, and break the covenant.
Moses says God isn’t going to teach you
the law itself is telling us that the people of Israel will have faith.
Moses failed to hold God as holy. Disobeyed him.
After the curse, God would do a new internal work, enabling his redeemed people to love as they were called. Deut 30:6,8
Staff striking rock (Christ) God says he will rest on the rock, Moses strikes rock, and God takes punishment people should have received. Rock brought life-giving water. Moses then told to speak to the rock, and yet he strikes it again, no God only goes to the cross once, and Moses was dishonoring God in the presence of the people. Ex. 17.
Point is that Moses affirmed that the law was not of faith, that Israel wasn’t going to make it through the law, God’s plan is to give them a good plan and not enable you to keep it.
The context for Paul’s negative statements about the law
the law is not of faith
is not laid down for the just but for the lawless and disobedient 1 tim 1:9
was temporary, added to increase the trespass Rom 5:20 adn be/c of transgressions until the offspring (JC) should come to whom the promise was made. Gal 3:19
But it does not call into question Paul’s positive view of the law.
God’s instruction through Moses is holy righteous and good Rom 7:12
The law is the embodiment of knowledge and truth ROm 2:20
the essence of the law is love rom 13:8 which we ar still called to fulfill dependently trusting in the power of the Spirit of Christ in us Rom 8:4
HANDOUT on Paul’s view of the law.
all the commands are able to be used for correction, rebuking, training in righteousness.... the question is how??? the principle-making model. Look at how it was operating then and apply to today.
We are now, having been grafted into the vine, are now being called to keep the law like they attempted,
pursue holiness b/c it is written, be holy as I am holy: peter grounding Christian ethic in OT gospel
we will go through every command and ask : How is this a command to love my neighbor. This is what Paul says, so this is the principle we will look to see all these commands in.